Guhanga udushya ni iki? Guhanga udushya birangwa n’ ubushobozi bwo kugira ibitekerezo bishya, gukoresha ibintu cyangwa amakuru mu buryo bushya cyangwa buvuguruye.
Bishobora kugaragara ku bitekerezo by’ imishinga minini yemerera abantu guhindura isi, nko kuvumbura ibikoresho bihindura uko abantu babayeho, cyangwa ibikorwa bito byo kurema nko gushaka uburyo bushya bwo gukora imirimo mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Uragera ku musozo wamenye icyo guhanga udushya ari cyo n’ igihe ari ngombwa ko biba.
Muri iyi nkuru kandi uramenya intambwe zitandukanye wakurikira bikongera ubushobozi bwawe bwo guhanga udushya.
Guhanga Udushya ni iki?
Kwiga uko bahanga udushya byaba inzira ikomenye. Si ibyo kuba ari ingingo ikomeye kuyisobanura ubwayo, ariko nta buryo buhari bwo kuyiha ubusobanuro. Ibisobanuro byinshi bitangwa n’ abantu bavuga ko guhanga udushya ari uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo cyangwa kurema ibintu bishya, mu buryo bushya.
Ibintu bibiri by’ ibanze bigize guhanga udushya ni:
Umwimerere: igitekerezo kigomba kuba ari ikintu gishya kitari ukwagura ibyari bihari.
Kugira umumaro: igitekerezo gikeneye kuba cyashyirwa mu bikorwa, gikora cyangwa gifitiye abandi akamaro.
Ni Ryari Guhanga Udushya Biba?
Mu gitabo cyitwa “Creativity: Flow and Psycholoy of Discovery and Invention” inzobere mu buzima bwo mu mutwe Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi yavuze ko guhanga udushya bishobora kuboneka ku bantu mu buryo butandukanye. Harimo:
Abantu bareba cyane, bumva bashishikaye, kandi bafite ibitekerezo byinshi bidasanzwe.
Abantu babona isi ari nziza, bagira ibitekerezo kandi bakikorera ubuvumbuzi ku giti cyabo. Aba bantu bakora ubuvumbuzi buzwi nabo ubwabo gusa.
Abantu bakora ibikorwa bishimwa kandi bikamenywa n’ isi yose. Abavumbuzi n’ abanyabugeni nka Thomas Edison na Pablo Picasso bari muri iki cyiciro.
Ubwoko bwo Guhanga Udushya
Abahanga bavuga ko hari ubwo kubatandukanye bwo guhanga udushya.
Hari abantu bagira ibitekerezo by’ umumaro ariko bikamenywa nabo ubwabo gusa.
Hari abatekereza buri munsi bagamje gushaka ibisubizo by’ ibibazo bihari. Ubu bwoko bwo guhanga udushya bufasha abantu kubonera umuti ibibazo bagenda bahura nabyo buri munsi kandi bikibanda ku guhindura aho bari cyangwa bakorera.
Hari udushya duhangwa n’ abahanga bafite ubumenyi kandi bazobereye mu kintu runaka. Aba bantu bahanga udushya mu mwuga wabo ariko imirimo yabo ntimenywe n’ abandi bantu.
Hari udushya tuboneka ko turi ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gice cy’ imirimo runaka. Ubu bwoko bwo guhanga udushya dutuma abantu bahabwa ibihembo no gukuzwa kandi akenshi dutera impinduka mu buzima bw’ abatuye isi. Harimo guhanga udushya mu buvuzi, ikoranabuhanga n’ ubugeni.
Ni Iki Gikenewe Mu Guhanga Udushya?
Csikszentmihalyi (inzobere yavuzwe hejuru) avuga ko abantu bahanga udushya bagira ibibaranga bituma bagira ibitekerezo bishya kandi byiza. Bimwe muri ibyo harimo:
Imbaraga: abantu bahanga udushya bagira imbaraga z’ umubiri no mu mutwe. Ariko kandi, bamara igihe kinini batekereza cyangwa bagaruka ku bintu bishya bashobora gukora.
Ubuhanga: inzobere mu mitekererze n’ imyitwarire bavuga ko ubuhanga bugira uruhare runini mu guhanga udushya. Mu cyigwa cyitwa Terman cyakozwe ku bana bafite impano, abashakashatsi babonye ko ikigero gihanitse cy’ imitekerereze gikenewe kugira ngo abantu bahange udushya, ariko abantu bose bafite ubwenge kuri urwo rugero ntago bahanga udushya. Csikszentmihalyi (inzobere yavuzwe ejuru) yizera ko abantu bahanga udushya bagomba kuba ari abahanga, ariko bakemera ko babona ibintu mu buryo budasanzwe.
Imyitwarire myiza: abantu bahanga udushya, ntibicara hamwe ngo ibintu bibizanire. Baracokoza, ariko kandi bakarangwa n’ imyitwarire iboneye mu gihe bakora imirimo yabo cyangwa ibyo bakunda.
Guhanga udushya n’ imiterere bwite
Hari ibiranga imiterere y’ umuntu bifite aho bihuriye no guhanga udushya. Imiterere bwite y’ umuntu irimo ibice bitanu:
Gufungukira ibintu bitandukanye
Gukora neza
Kwisanzura
Ubufatanye
Kwitinya
Buri gice ifite impera ebyiri, bisobanuye ko hari urugero runini n’ uruto, cyangwa hagati yabyo.
Gufungukira ibintu bitandukanye ni kimwe mu bigize imiterere bwite y’ umuntu ifite aho bihuriye no guhanga udushya. Abantu bafite urugero runini rwo gufunguka akenshi bagira ibitekerezo bishya. Akenshi baba bashaka kumenya ubwiza bw’ ikintu no kukigerageza, guhura n’ abantu bashya mu buzima bwawo no kwita ku bitekerezo bitandukanye byibanda ku kintu kimwe.
Ariko kandi, ibindi biranga imiterere y’ umuntu bishobora kugira uruhare mu guhanga udushya. Kumva wifitemo imbaraga, amatsiko no kudacika intege bishobora kugena uko umuntu agira ibitekerezo bishya no gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo byagaragaraye.
Uko Wazamura Urugero rwo Guhanga Udushya
Nubwo hari abantu bakura bahanga udushya muri kamere yabo, hari ibintu ushobora gukora ukazamura urugero rwo guhanga udushya.
Uburyo bwagufasha mu kongera urugero uhangaho udushya burimo:
Kwibanda ku bitekerezo bisya: gufungukira ibintu ni kimwe mu bigize umuntu bifitanye isano ikomeye no guhanga udushya. Wibande ku bushake bwo kugerageza ibintu bishya kandi wemere utekereze kuri buri kintu mu buryo bwiza.
Nturambirwe: guhanga agashya si ukwicara ngo utegereze ko biza mu mutwe. Abantu bahanga udushya bamara igihe kinini bakora kugira ngo bagere ku kintu gishya. Imbaraga zabo si buri gihe zitanga umusaruro, ahubwo ntibacika intege kuko bakoresha ubusobozi bafite bakubaka ikintu gishya.
Gira umwanya wo guhanga udushya: icyiyongera ku muhate no kutarambirwa, ni uko ukeneye kwiha igihe cy’ umwihariko ukajya ushyira imbaraga mu guhanga udushya. Ibi bishobora kuba, ugafata umwanya muto buri munsi cyangwa buri cyumweru, ugatekereza, ugakora, ukiga cyangwa ugahanga ikintu gishya.
Csikszentmihalyi yavuze ko guhanga udushya bisaba imbaraga n’ imyitwarire myiza. Nkuko Thomas Edison yabivuze, kugira ubwenge ni 1% by’ umuhate na 99% byo ukora.
Guhanga udushya ni ingingo ikomeye kandi abashakashatsi baracyayikoraho hagamijwe kumva neza ibintu bitandukanye bigira uruhare ku bushobozi bw’ umuntu kugira ngo atekereza guhanga udushya, Nubwo abantu bifitemo ubushobozi karemano bwo gukora, hari ibintu bitandukanye kugira ngo ukomeze ubwo bushishozi.
Umuhanzi waharaniye uburenganzira bw’ ikiremwamuntu Maya Angelou nawe yavuze ko ibitekerezo byo guhanga udushya bifasha kuzamura urwego rwo kuduhanga. Icy’ inenzi ni ukubikora kandi ntiwabimara. Uko ubikoresha cyane, niko wunguka byinshi. Niko yavuze
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