Ubuvuzi bukoresha Ibiganiro (Psychotherapy)

Ijambo “Ikiganiro” ribangukira abantu bumvise “Psychotherapy”. Inzobere mu buvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe iragufasha ukamenya amarangamutima akubangamiye, ibitekerezo n’imyitwarire. Niho, inzobere igufasha kumenya uko wabihindura bityo ukabaho neza mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Akenshi Ibiganiro bikorwa n’umuntu ku giti cye, umuryango cyangwa itsinda, bugakoreshwa na bana cg abantu bakuru. Ikiganiro kimwe kimara hagati y’iminota 50 na 60.

Inzobere zikoresha ibiganiro mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe bafasha abantu kurenga ibibazo n’indwara bitandukanye, birimo:

• Anxiety

• OCD

• Depression

• PTSD

• Panic

• Bipolar disorder

• Phobias

• Psychosis

• Chronic stress,

• Sexual disorders

• Disordered eating

• Schizophrenia

Uburyo bukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe hifashishijwe ibiganiro:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT)

• Behavioral Therapy

• Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

• Emotional Focused Therapy (EFT)

• Eye Movement Desensitization

• Psychodynamic psychotherapy

• Interpersonal Therapy

CBT ni urugero rwiza rw’uburyo bukoreshwa mu gushakira ibisubizo ibibazo bitandukanye.

Ubu buryo buhuriza hamwe ubuvuzi bw’imitekerereze n’imyitwarire, bigatuma abafashwa bumva neza aho amarangamutima, ibitekerezo n’imyitwarire byabo bihurira.

CBT ifasha abantu kumenya neza uburyo bw’imitekerereze budakwiye, kumva neza abandi no guhangana n’ibibazo bikomereye ubuzima bwabo.

Ni uburyo bukundwa gukoreshwa kuko birihuta kuba umuntu yamenya akanahangana n’ibimukomereye. Akenshi bisaba umubare muto w’ibiganiro ugereranije n’ubundi buryo, kandi CBT ifite umurongo ngenderwaho.

Icyo wakwitega kuri CBT

Ugereranije, 75% by’abantu bahitamo gukoresha ubu buryo bavuga ko bubagirira umumaro. CBT itwara ibiganiro byihariye biri hagati ya 5 na 20. CBT akenshi igizwe no:

• Kwiga ku kibazo cyo mu mutwe ufite

• Kwiga no gushyira mu bikorwa imikoro itandukanye harimo imyitozo iruhura, umutuzo, guhangana n’umujagararo(stress) no kwigirira icyizere.

Uko wakwitegura Ikiganiro cya mbere

Ku giti cyawe, ushobora kwanzura ko wahabwa ubufasha hakoreshejwe CBT. Cyangwa umuga cyanwa undi muntu ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha ubu buryo. Iyi niyo ntangiriro:

1. Shaka inzobere muri ubu buvuzi

2. Menya neza ibiciro

3. Menya icyo wifuza ko mukoranaho

4. Reba ibyangombwa byutanga ubuvuzi afite

   1. Amateka y’ibyo yize;

   2. Impamyabumenyi;

   3. Icyangombwa kimwemerera gukora uwo mwuga;

   4. Baza neza igice azobereyemo;

5. Menya neza uko akora

6. Ubwoko bw’ubuvuzi bugukwiriye

7. Intego z’ubuvuzi uzahabwa

8. Indeshyo ya buri kiganiro

9. Umubare w’ibiganiro muzagirana

Uko Ubuvuzi bukoresha Ibiganiro yakugirira umumaro

Izi ntambwe zikurikira zishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo wungukire n’ Ubuvuzi bukoresha Ibiganiro:

• Fatanya n’inzobere mu buvuzi uhabwa

• Fungukira kuvuga kandi uvugishe ukuri

• Ibande cyane ku ntego n’uburyo buzakoreshwa

• Ntiwitege impinduka z’ako kanya

• Kora neza imikora uhabwa n’inzobere

• Niba ubuvuzi uhabwa butagufasha uko bikwiye, bimenyeshe inzobere mukorana muri urwo rugendo.

Ubwoko bw’ ubuvuzi bukoresha Ibiganiro buhera kumuntu kugiti cye, mumuryango, cyangwa mumatsinda. Buraboneka kubantu bakuru ndetse nabana. Mubisanzwe, buri Kiganiro kimara iminota 50 - 60. Ubuvuzi uhabwa bushobora kudahita bugufasha uko ubyifuza. Ariko butanga imbaraga n’uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n’ibibazo ufite, ukiyumva neza kandi ubuzima bwawe bukabona igisobanuro.